Nima Yooshij applied various techniques in order to describe diverse poetic subjects. This research deals with analysing the usage of these expressive techniques from two perspectives - poetic and structural.Nima applied structural expressive techniques more often than poetic expressive techniques in order to describe various poetic subjects.These techniques include adjectives, adverbs, adjective clauses, adjective predicate, descriptive sentences, and imaginative verbs.The usage of adjectives and descriptive sentences is more common as opposed to other techniques. Among the poetic techniques such symbols as allegory, irony, metaphor and personification is in first position. The more extensive use of structural expressive techniques confirms that Nima’s poetry is closer to natural expression and rhythmic prose.

1 Introduction As one of the primary types of contemporary poetry, patriotic poems and resistance poetry in particular has witnessed significant prevalence in today’ s era; resistance poets have created pure, everlasting poems in this genre. Being an unknown Iraqi poet, Shathel Taqa is one of these figures. In his poetry, the concept of nation is manifested in the form of different themes using a variety of expressive methods and techniques. Examinations into studies related to this concept and patriotism in poems by contemporary poets suggest the considerable number of research conducted on this area. . . .

One of the most important problems in the philosophy of religion is the question of religious realism. Religious realism was and still is defended by many philosophers but in the contrary some philosophers such as Frazer regards religious propositions as false hypothesize which only have instrumental value. Ludwig Wittgenstein's view in this regard, at least according to an expressive interpretation of it, is different from both of them. He thinks that religious sentences are not cognitive propositions so they could not be true or false and also they are not instruments for achieving some goals. They only express our sentiments and emotions. This paper discusses the expressive interpretation of religion and then considers Wittgenstein's view in the light of what are been said by his commentators in this regard.

Aesthetics is one of the fundamental topics in philosophy, whose origin dates back to Plato's time and before him. To this day, aesthetics has subsisted through the ideas of Western and Islamic thinkers. As a ubiquitous interconnected text, the Holy Quran is distinguished for its miraculous rhetoric. This distinction can be observed in every chapter (sūrah) or verse (āyah) of the Qur'an, each of which boasting an astounding rhetorical style. The purpose of this article is to study the expressive elements in terms of aesthetics in the Holy Qur'an since expressive elements make it possible to gain experience and document it. The method of this research is analytical-descriptive. The results show the expressive elements in the sūrahs of the Holy Qur'an are inseparable from the others, and all are parts of the same body. In order to explain the thoughts and messages of the Qur'an, it is necessary to consider the artistic-literary features along with the thoughts and topics.  In the studies done on the aesthetics in the expressive elements of the Holy Quran, the elements include the semantic, the musical, and the structural ones. It should also be said that the Holy Qur'an has used the method of imaginative expression in the subjects and has placed its rule of expression in it.

Explicitation is the process of rendering explicit into a target language what is implicit on the linguistic surface of a source text. Being a general notion, explicitation is of different types, i.e. obligatory, optional, pragmatic, and translation-inherent, and occurs at different linguistic levels, e.g. grammatical, semantic and pragmatic. Taking Blum-Kulka's(1986) explicitation hypothesis as its starting point, this study focuses on intersentential elliptical structures as a potential source of explicitation. The objective of the study was to see how exploitation is dealt with in expressive and informative text-types. Thus, a corpus was compiled comprising in turn of two sub-corpora. One consisted of 3 English narratives along with their Persian translations, and was named corpus A. The other contained 3 psychological texts as well as their translations in Persian, and was named corpus B. These texts were taken to represent expressive and informative types of texts. The analyses were made on the first 200 translated sentences of each source text. Sentences, which had ellipses (nominal, verbal, and clausal), were first located in the original texts. Subsequently, their translations were identified in the target texts. Attention was then paid to see how exploitation behaved in these structures and in the two sub-corpora. Observations indicate that (1) informative texts tend to be explicit by nature, (2) they are far more explicit than expressive texts, and (3) in translation, too, the tendency to be explicitated is much higher in informative than in expressive texts.

The Qur'an is so advanced in rhetoric, eloquence, firmness of speech, expressiveness of expression, many innovations in the field of teachings and rules and other features that it is far from the reach of humanity And this miracle is eternal and eternal. One of the gaps in the research of miracles of the Holy Quran is the Surahology of Miracles. Considering that the border of the miracle of the Qur'an is a surah, it is necessary to identify the miraculous aspects of all the surahs of the Qur'an. In this article, as a case study, Surah Takwir has been selected and its expressive miracle has been studied. The question is, in terms of expression, what dimensions and subtleties does Surah Takwir contain that made it a miracle? Literary and linguistic studies in Surah Takwir show that this Surah is in four important axes of expressing miracles And it has many subtleties and subtleties that have taken it beyond the level of human speech: Coherence, word choice, music and illustration. This form of expression, along with the meanings of its miracles in the scientific and unseen dimension, plays a divine piece that human beings cannot oppose.